French Defense

The French Defense (ECO code C00) is a chess opening that begins with 1. e4 e6. A solid defense where Black builds a pawn chain with ...d5. The light-squared bishop is often restricted but the structure is very resilient. Leads to strategic battles. Favorite of Botvinnik and Petrosian.

The main line of the French Defense is 1. e4 e6. It is classified under ECO code C00 and falls in the Open Game family of chess openings. From this starting position, both sides have well-established plans — White typically continues with natural developing moves while Black follows the response patterns described above.

The French Defense is a reasonable choice for beginners who want exposure to open game positions. The main line (1. e4 e6) is easy to remember, and the resulting middlegame patterns are well-documented. Focus on understanding the typical pawn structure rather than memorizing 15 moves of theory — engine review of your own games at chess.rodeo is more useful than theory study at the club level.

The French Defense is classified as ECO code C00. ECO (Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings) is the standard five-letter classification system developed by Chess Informant in the 1970s — A-codes cover flank openings, B-codes 1.e4 replies that aren't 1...e5, C-codes 1.e4 e5 openings, D-codes 1.d4 d5 systems, and E-codes Indian Defenses. You can browse all openings by ECO code in our free opening database.

Use chess.rodeo for full Stockfish analysis of your French Defense games — no account required, no daily cap, no paywall. Paste your PGN and get instant engine evaluation on every move, including the opening phase. For move-by-move replay without engine output, use our free PGN viewer. Both are completely free with no signup.